CDI Study Group

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RID Acronyms

NIC – National Interpreter Certification: Certified, Advanced and Master levels

CDI – Certified Deaf Interpreter

CI – Certificate of Interpretation

CT – Certificate of Transliteration

OTC – Oral Transliteration Certificate

SC: L – Specialist Certificate: Legal

CLIP-R – Conditional Legal Interpreting Permit-Relay

Other certifications recognized by RID:

MCSC – Master Comprehensive Skills Certificate

CSC – Comprehensive Skills Certificate

OIC – Oral Interpreting Certificate

RSC – Reverse Skills Certificate

NAD – National Association of the Deaf

Level III – Generalist

Level IV – Advanced

Level V – Master

IC – Interpretation Certificate

TC – Transliteration Certificate

ACCI – American Consortium of Certified Interpreters

SC: PA – Specialist Certificate: Performance Arts

CLIP – Conditional Legal Interpreting Permit

EIPA – Educational Interpreter Performance Assessment

ACE - American Council on Edu

AHEAD  - Assoc. of Higher Edu and Disabilities

CEU - Cont. Edu Units

CMP - Certification Maintenance Program

EIPA - Edu Interpreter Performance Assessment

ESSP - Edu Support Service Program

LEP - Limited English Proficancy

NTID - National Technical Institute for the Deaf

RSA - Rehabilitation Services Administration

NRPITD- National Registry of Professional Interpreters and Transliterators for the Deaf

NRID- National Registry of Interpreters for the Deaf

RID- Registry of Interpreters for the Deaf

AVLIC- Association of Visual Language Interpreters of Canada

CES- Canada Evaluation System

RSA- Rehabilitation Services Administration (previously known as Office of Vocational Rehabilitation and the Vocational Rehabilitation Administration.)

ADA- Americans with Disabilities Act

NITC -National Interpreter Training Consortium

SLI- sign language interpreting

ASL- American Sign Language

FSL- French Sign Language

NAD - National Association of  the Deaf

PSE-Pidgin  Sign English

•  ADA stands for "Americans with Disabilities Act."  This law has had a profound beneficial impact on the lives of Deaf people.

•  AGB stands for Alexander Graham Bell.  In general AGB is held in low esteem by many in the Deaf community because of his efforts to suppress the use of sign language in favor of oralism.

•  ASDC stands for American Society for Deaf Children.  This organization was set up in 1967 and has chapters all over the U.S. Their purpose is to provide support, encouragement, and information to families raising children who are deaf or hard of hearing.  (For more information, see: http://www.deafchildren.org)

•  ASLTA stands for American Sign Language Teachers Association. It is a national organization dedicated to the improvement and expansion of the teaching of ASL and Deaf Studies.  (For more information, see: http://aslta.org/)

•  BiBi stands for "bilingual/bicultural." This is a philosophy of embracing two languages and cultures. 

•  BSL stands for British Sign Language.  This signed language is used in Britain and other areas of the world.  One of its differences from ASL is that BSL uses a two-handed manual alphabet.

•  Carpal Tunnel (CT):  A syndrome that causes numbness and/or pain in the wrists.  This is a common problem affecting interpreters for the Deaf and many Deaf people.

•  CC stands for "closed captioning" or "close caption

•  CODA stands for Child of Deaf Adult.  In the Deaf world, a hearing child of Deaf parents is referred to as a Coda. Codas are generally considered to make the best interpreters because of their familiarity with ASL and Deaf Culture.

•  DPN stands for Deaf President Now.  DPN was both a campus protest and an international Deaf movement.  It took place the week of March 6, 1988 at Gallaudet University in Washington D.C.  Elizabeth Zinser, a hearing woman, had been newly elected president of Gallaudent University.  The students and international Deaf Community demanded and received a Deaf president: I. King Jordan.

•  ITP stands for Interpreter Training Program

•  Jr.NAD stands for Junior National Association of the Deaf. This is the youth division of the National Association of the Deaf

•  LRE stands for Least Restrictive Environment.  The question is, what education environment is "least restrictive" for a deaf child?  A residential school for the deaf, a local school with an interpreter, a day program, an inclusive charter school, or some other education environment.

•  LSQ stands for Langue des Signes Québecois is a popular signed language used in Canada.  Many people in Canada also use ASL.

•  MCE stands for Manually Coded English.  There are several signing systems designed to portray English on the hands.  These various systems can be lumped under the term MCE.

•  NAD stands for National Association of the Deaf the world's oldest deaf advocacy organization.  See www.nad.org

•  NCI stands for National Captioning Institute.  The NCI was established in 1979 as a nonprofit corporation with the mission of ensuring that deaf and hard of hearing people, as well as others who can benefit from the service, have access to television's entertainment and news through the technology of closed captioning.

•  NERDA stands for Not Even Related to a Deaf Adult.  A comical reference to Hearing people who don't have ties to the Deaf World.

•  NMM: Non-manual markers: Non-manual markers are facial expressions and body movements. Non-manual markers are used to inflect signs. That means to change, influence, or emphasize the meaning of a sign or signed phrase. For example, when asking a question that can be answered with a "yes" or "no" you raise your eyebrows a bit and tilt your head forward slightly.

•  NFSD  National Fraternal Society of the Deaf Offers insurance as well as fraternal and community service activities for Deaf people.

•  NTD stands for National Theater of the Deaf.  The NTD is a touring theater group composed of deaf and hearing actors who entertain audiences worldwide through music, sign language, and the spoken word.

•  NTID stands for National Technical Institute for the Deaf.  NTID is located in Rochester New York and is a popular choice for Deaf students.

•  RSC stands for Reverse Skills Certificate.  This refers to the ability to understand and voice what is being signed.

•  SEE stands for Signing Exact English. An invented sign system intended to represent English with the intent to assist deaf children in the acquisition of English.

•  SIMCOM stands for Simultaneous Communication. Simcom is when you sign and voice at the same time.

•  TC stands for Total Communication, a philosophy of Deaf Education that advocates using signing, voicing, writing, and other methods of communication.

•  TTY / TDD stands for "teletype" or Telecommunication Device for the Deaf.  These days it means the same thing as a TTY.  In the old days, a TTY was a huge clunker that required a wheelbarrow to move around. TTY's shrank in size and people began calling them TDDs or even Text Telephones but the Deaf Community continues to refer to the devices as TTYs.    Instant Messaging via the net has reduced the use of TTYs.

•  Uppercase Deaf / Lowercase deaf:  While the uppercase and lowercase spellings of Deaf and deaf have not yet become standardized in print media, in general the lowercase spelling refers to physical deafness while the uppercase spelling refers to someone who has internalized  the language, beliefs, values, traditions, attitudes, manners, and ways of the Deaf community.

 

Physical Strains, Preventive Measures and Exercises for Interpreters

*Cumulative Stress Disorders
    -Repetitive Motion Injuries (RMI)
    -Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS)
*Emotional Burntout

Preventive Measures

*Preventive methods from injuries
    -Use judgment before accepting job
    -Exercise and rest
    -Drink fluids (water)
    -Pause frequently during job
    -Wear comfortable clothes and shoes
    -Warm up before and after job
    -Have a good night's sleep
    -Eat healthy foods

Exercises for Overuse Syndrome
    *Shoulder shrug
    *Forearm flip
    *Rotating fists
    *Fingers spread
    *Fingers stretch
    *Head stretch
    *Shoulder stretch
    *Hand/wrist stretch
    *Prayer position
    *Massage

(Briden-Brinks)

Standards of Compensation

*Numbers of hours per day, hours per week
*Pay per unit time (i.e., minimum 2 hours)
*Volunteering
*Benefits
*Travel Compensation (i.e., mileage or travel time)
*Cancellation policy
*Supervision
*Evaluation
*Liability Insurance (i.e., RID offers liability insurance)

(Briden-Brinks)

Eight Steps of Successful Interpreting

Pre-Interpreting:
    *Initial contact
    *Gather preliminary information
    *Accept or decline job request
During Interpreting:
    *Off-site preparation
    *Arrive at job assignment
    *On-site preparation
    *Facilitate the interaction
Post-Interpreting:
    *Reflect and debrief job

(Briden-Brinks)

Post-Interpreting Tasks

*Wrap up job performance
*Ask consumers/clients for:
    -Concerns
    -Questions
    -Suggestions
    -Feedback
*Evaluate appropriateness of services provided

(Briden-Brinks)

During Interpreting Tasks

*Introduce yourself to consumers/others
*Conduct RID or company's Code of Ethics
*Arrange Interpreting Position
*Sight lines
*Lighting
*Background, audio and visual
*Anticipate audience/client's needs
*Reading materials
*Persistent difficulties

(Briden-Brinks)

Pre-Interpreting Tasks

*Scheduling
*Learning about consumers/clients involved
*Environment Setting
*Familiarity of subject/topic/area
*Appropriate clothing type for job
*Materials needed
*Compensation needed beforehand
*Time meeting with consumer/client beforehand
*Contact person for job and compensation

(Briden-Brinks)

Role of Interpreting

Images of the Interpreter
    *Like a machine
    *Like a window
    *Like a bridge
    *Like a telephone line

First Things First
    *Basic Terms
    *Pre-requisite Knowledge and Skills
        -Physically, mentally, and emotionally able
        -Non-distractive physical characteristics
        -Professional and personal integrity
        -Linguistically capable to do the task
        -General cultural and interpersonal skills
        -Cultural and interpersonal knowledge and skills related to interpreting
        -Awareness of and strategies for dealing with the constraints of the above

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Looking At What We Do
    *The output
        -Interpretation - The process of changing a message from one language to another, conveying all essential elements of meaning and maintaining dynamic equivalence
        -Transliteration (word for word) - The process of changing a message expressed in one language and into a code of the same language
            e.g.
            ASL ---> ASL
            English ---> Cued Speech, Morse Code, Braille, Rochester Method, Signed English, CASE, SEE1, SEE2

(Briden-Brinks)

             *Please note:  Transliteration - you do not sign "translate" because translation means changing a message from the frozen form of one language into the frozen form of another language; this is an emerging field for Deaf individuals (e.g. videotaped translations of textbooks, plays and poems) (SYWTBAI, p. 444) e.g. written English --->translate ---> written French

    *The form of the output

(Roni's note here.....No info found yet)

    *The part of the process being performed
        -Sign to Voice
        -Voice to Sign
        -English to ASL
        -ASL to English
        -Settings vs. Text (Roni's note here...what does this means???)
        -International Sign

(Briden-Brinks)

    *Please note: The first two parts above are in hearing interpreters' domain, however deaf interpreters     is not mandated to perform in these domains as part of CDI's certification.

    *Recipients of the service being provided
        -Consumers or Clients
    *Location where the work is provided
        -Settings and number of clients
            *Area of work
           *One-on-one
            *Small group
            *Large group

(Briden-Brinks)

Register: Intimate

Communication exchanges that take place between individuals who have shared a history of experiential base which influences the communication dynamics without complete sentence
    *Mom and daughter/son
    *Two close friends

(Briden-Brinks)